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p3<5889sy>|q9s9gs|q+~q|s9x|q>gxϟ9<ϙ?3>gϞ|3s9>g>gyϟ"~όsy>g3:>g?<ϙ?0>g9 0s8?>g>gyϟ"~@sx>`02f>`? ϙ?0>g9 0y>O?'<>g>gyϟ&~@sx>`0O>p? ϙ?3>gϓ3y>O'?>g>gyϟǁ ~sy>g3O> ß?O >ϙ?3>ǵ?3y>O'?>g>gyϟ~|sy>g3_>ϟ?O&>yϘ9>sx?9>O'9>g>s|qϟς??<|yǞys|>s9|gx?&?Ϝ898>p8"?<>g>pϜxp~s>p8?px?&?ϟ yy>>x?<>"?>g>|'Ϝ|>x?s>|>?sx?~ߐdžߏǂ?σ{??σ>=<??ρ x8ς'ρ>Oρ>Oρ񟞁ς'ρ>Oρ>Oρ?~?ρς-'σO>OO>O!?<x y<ρ27N>o>o<`yLJ?8p >|q89?ρ2?s8x9yy|9?sg993ρ? 33~ρyy?sg983ρ? ə3&0~s  ?8xyǎx|?3?~8q3-τO8!9s<pg? ????%@*J:\DRAFTS\NRLOGO.WPGJ:\DRAFTS\NRLOGO.WPGhd\,3BV4d\,,  AZ"Arial Regular(. Z 6Times New Roman Regular(3$ !  'dxd( $ Figure  1  VZY I&mage <=8C HKKKK !  _____j\%6&"`z1% `E,%y%y,%j (#(#        (#(#(XGXXX(KX(XG Remarks    h  (#(#K(#  Re   0  #(K##XX#     [Aspreparedfordelivery] )XqXXXԀ                   h      p     񀀀  񀀀  ReleaseNo.0180.00  &v     by  V    #XXX)Xq #  @  U.S.SecretaryofAgricultureDanGlickman F    CommencementAddressGeorgetownPublicPolicyInstituteWashington,DCMay26,2000     Thankyouverymuch,Dean_Feder_,forthatkindintroduction.IknowthatyouredoingoutstandingworkhereatGeorgetown,butyourpresenceandyourhealthcareexpertisehavebeensorelymissedintheClintonAdministration.  IwanttosingleouttwooftodaysgraduateswhohavespentsometimeworkingwithusattheDepartmentofAgriculture.AlexisWeaverwasoneofourWoodrowWilsonfellows,and_Kristin_ԀBraun,amongotherthings,wasapartofoursuccessfuloutreachefforttosecurepassage &v ofPermanentNormalTradeRelationswithChina.Weregratefultobothofthemfortheirhardwork.  Asafatherwhoisimmenselyproudofhisadultchildren,Ifeelcompelledtomentiontheparentsandotherfamilymemberswhoareheretoday.Nodoubt,itisyoursupport! !& financialandotherwise!throughtheyearsthathasmadethisdaypossibleforyoursonsand " daughters.  Sincethisisasophisticated,intelligentgroupoffuturepolicymakers,IthoughtabouttalkingtodayaboutsomeofthemajorpolicychallengesfacingusattheDepartmentofAgriculture.Perhaps,Ithought,IwouldgiveyoumythoughtsaboutthenewfarmpolicyparadigmIbelieveweneedtoadoptinthecomingyears.SomepeoplethoughtIshouldtalkaboutwhatthesoyprogramshouldlooklike.OrmaybeIcoulddiscusstheburningissueoffoodbiotechnology...andtheimportanceofbalancingscientificprogresswithpublichealthandsafetyconcerns.̀  ӄmore -f(* Ї2    ButallthatseemedalittletooheavyforaFridaymorningbeforeaholidayweekend.AndthenIrealizedthatthemostimportantthingsIcouldtellyouarenotaboutthenuancesofpolicymaking.Thatyouwilllearnbydoing.Myadviceismuchsimpler,andIbelieveitssomethingyoullneednomatterhowimpressiveyourcredentials,regardlessofthedepthofyourknowledge.  Thefirstpieceofadviceislisten.Listentoyourcolleagues,andlistentoyour 0  adversaries.Listentoyoursuperiorsandyourmentors,butlistenalsotothewaiterorwaitresswhoservesyourdinnerorthemanorwomanwhopaintsyourhouse.Beonthelookoutforyourownelitism.Agraduatedegreedoesntmeanyouvecorneredthemarketongoodideas.Ivelearnedthatthepublicisalotsmarterthanthemediaoftengivesthemcreditfor.  AsamemberofCongress,ImadeitapointtobeverydiligentaboutlisteningtothehalfamillionpeoplewhohadthepowertoreneworterminatemycontracteveryotherNovember.Iusedtogointotheofficeonweekends,drivingmystaffcrazy,tospendtimeactuallyopeningandreadingthemail.Iwantedtogetthatsenseofconstituentsentimentwithoutanyfilter.Sure,mystaffcouldreporttomeonthemail.Butreadingitmyselfgavemeawindowintopeoplesthoughts,anditabsolutelyinfluencedmydecisionmakingasalegislator.  Ofcourse,sometimeswhenyoulisten,youdontlikewhatyouhear.AfterIlostmybidforreelectionin1994,IcouldnthelpbutthinkaboutanoldlinefromCongressmanMorrisUdall: Thepublichasspoken...thebastards.  Butitsnotjustelectedofficialswhohavetolisten.AlthoughIhavetheauthoritytoissuenewregulationsasSecretaryofAgriculture,nothingseesthelightofdayuntilitgoesthroughanexhaustivepubliccommentperiod.Lastyear,wecameoutwithadraftrulethatwouldestablishadefinitionoforganicfood.Andboydidwehearitfrompeople.Wereceivedanunprecedented275,000comments,manyofthemquitecritical.Butwelistened;wechangedthestandards;andnowareworkingtowardarevised,improvedrule...onethatcanbepubliclyembraced...onethatmeetstheveryexactingstandardoftheorganicfarmingcommunity.  Inanypolicyenvironment,nomatterwhattheissueandnomatterwhichsideyoureon,youhavegottolisten.Thehotdebateoverbiotechnologyoverthelastfewyearsisacasestudyintheperilsofclosedmindedness...andclosedears.Ononeside,youhadlargeseedcompaniesandtheiradvocateswhojustassumedthatconsumerswouldembracegeneticallymodifiedfoods.Theirswasakindof ifwebuildittheywillcomeattitude.Theyhadntproperlyexplainedtheenormouspotentialbenefitsofthesenewfoodvarieties.Theydidntlistentoconsumer P(#& concerns.  Theantibiotechnologyactivistshaventbeenmuchbetter,usingthemostoutlandishrhetoricandtacticstomaketheircase,destroyingplotsofbiotechcrops,accusingcorporationsof  ӄmore   -@), Ї3  tryingto capturetheevolutionaryprocessand...reshapelifeonEarthtosuititsbalancesheets,asoneadvertisementputit.Theydidntlisteneither.Theyweretalking...andlargelyontheir  ownbehalf,notforanybroadcoalition.  Theloserinthiswholebattleis,ofcourse,theconsumer,whoisseekingoutusefulinformationaboutgeneticallymodifiedfoods...whowantstohaveitsquestionsanswered...butcantmakeaninformedjudgmentamidthenoisyspin.  Imnottryingtodiscourageyoufromconvictionoradvocacy.NoramIadvisingyoutobeaprisonerofpublicopinion.Justbeconsciousofwhatotherpeoplearesaying.Lookforcommongroundwhere,atfirst,youthoughtnoneexisted.Youcanberesponsivewithoutbeing @  ademagogue.Youcanhaveyourfingeronthepulsewithoutholdingyourfingertothewind. 0  󀀀 Mysecondpieceofadviceisacorollaryofthefirst.Whenyoulisten,youcanthelpbut  learn.Dontlockyourselfintonotionsthatyourprofessionalorintellectualcoursehasalready  beencharted,withoutanypossibilityofdetour.Todaysexpertisemayturnouttobetomorrowsafterthought.Andtheissuesyouhaveavoidedatallcostsmayturnouttobeafocalpointlaterinyourcareer.  HereIam,SecretaryofAgriculture,andItellyouIwasolderthanmanyofyoubeforeIknewthefirstthingaboutfarmpolicy.TheonlybackgroundIhadinfoodandagriculturecamefromhavingaJewishmotherwhowasalwaystellingme: Eat!Eat!  ItwasonlywhenIranforCongressthatIrealizedIhadtogetuptospeedonfarmissues.SoIgatheredagroupoffarmerstogetherandveryhumblyexplainedthatIwantedtolearnmoreabouttheirbusiness,becauseitwassoimportanttothelocaleconomy.AndIexplainedthatIwasanovice,thatIhadneverevenpushedatractorinmylife.Sooneofthefarmersspokeupandsaid: Well,youngman,thefirstthingyouneedtounderstandis:youdontpushatractor,yourideone.SoIlearned,andagricultureturnedouttobethedefining   issueofmypubliclife.L  !"#$ h3L  Learnasmuchasyoucanaboutalotofdifferentthings.Youdonthavetochoosebetweenbeingageneralistandaspecialist.Youcanbeajackofalltradesandstillmastersome.  Believeme,whenItookthisjob,evenwithnearlytwodecadesofexperienceontheHouseAgricultureCommittee,IdidntknoweverythingIneededtoknow.Inordertobetterunderstandgrainmarketing,Ihadtolearnmoreaboutrailsandtransportation.Tobeabetteradvocateforfarmersinoverseasmarkets,Ihadtobecomemoreofatradepolicyspecialist.Ialsohadtobrushuponfoodsafety,whichisanimportantpartofourmandate,aswellashungerissues,sincetheAgricultureDepartmentmanagesallfederalnutritionprograms.SoIlistened,andIlearned.Andfiveyearsintothejob,Imstilllisteningandstilllearning.  ӄmore -@), Ї4    ThethirdlessonIwanttoimpartisaboutfriendshipsandrelationships.Lookaroundat  yourclassmates,andrememberthatthesearethepeopleyouwillneeddowntheline,whetheritsforsupportonakeyissue...whetheritstoputoutfeelerswhenyourelookingtoswitchjobs...whetheritsinsomefundraisingeffortyoumightbeinvolvedin.Youhavehereabuiltinnetworkthatyoushouldcontinuetocultivate.  IrememberthedayinJanuary,1977whenIwasoneofseveralnewmembersbeingswornintotheHouseofRepresentatives.Andtheylineyouupalphabetically.SothereImstandingwiththerestoftheGs.AndIturntooneside...andtheresaveryearnestfellownamedGore.Iturntotheotherside,andtheresthisimpressive,veryyouthfullookingguyfromSt.LouisnamedGephardt.Iusedtotellthetwoofthem!well,Imgladatleastoneofusmade @  good.  Elsewhereintheclass,wehaveabrilliantbudgetanalystfromCalifornia,LeonPanetta,afiercepopulistfromMichigan,DavidBonior,andapowerful,snappyspeakerfromBaltimore,BarbaraMikulski.  AndImthinkingtomyself...Idbettergettoknowthesefolks.Idid,andwithin15  years,GephardtandBoniorhadrisentothetopoftheHouseDemocraticleadership.AndwhenIwasontheshortlisttobeSecretaryofAgriculture,itsuredidnthurtthatIhadnearlytwodecadesoffriendshipwithbothVicePresidentGoreandWhiteHouseChiefofStaffPanetta.  Friendshipistheoilthatknocksthekinksoutofthepolicymakingprocess.Whatcompelspeopletojoinforcesonamatterofpublicpolicy?Doestheissueitselfmatter,whetherornotthereisagreementongoalsandoutcome?Ofcourse.Doespoliticsplayarole?Quiteoften,itdoes.Butasoftenasnot,itsaboutthepersonalpolitics,therelationships.Itsabout P whomyoutrust...whomyoubelieve...whokeepshisorherword.Itmayevenbeaboutwhooweswhatfavortowhom...whobailedyououtwhenyouhadaproblem...orwhoinvitedyoutodinnerwhenyourfamilywasoutoftown.  Rightnowyoureprobablysayingtoyourself: OhmyGod,Ijustspentthelasttwoyearsofmylifemasteringquantitativemethods,andthisguyistellingmethatsuccessdependsonhowmanybacksIcanslap.Dontgetmewrong.Knowledgeispower.Theresnosubstituteforwhatyouvelearnedhere.Butyouneedboth.Youneedtheknowledgeandthesubstantivebackground,butyouhavetocomplementthemwithstrongpersonalrelationships.  Ofcourse,itseasiertobefriendswithlikemindedpeople.Buildingrelationshipswithrivalscanbemoreofachallenge.ButIwouldarguethatitsevenmoreimportant.Becauseattheheartofgreatpolicymakingistheabilitytobuildlessthanconventionalcoalitions.Thepersonyouretryingtobeattodaymaybethekeyallyyouneedtomorrow.Thatsthekeytosuccessformembersofanylegislativebody.Sodontletyourpoliticaladversariesbecomepersonalantagonists.  ӄmore -@), Ї5    Overthelastdecade,Ithinkwevelostmuchofthatcredo.Moresothanatanyothertimeinmycareer,animosityandrecriminationseemtobedrivingforcesinthebodypolitic.AndIdontthinkitsacoincidencethatthemorecontentiousthepublicdialoguehasbecome,thelesssuccessfulwevebeenatsolvingthenationsmostdeeplyentrenchedproblems.  BobDoleandIsparredalotovertheyears.WewerebothverycompetitiveKansaspoliticians.OneofmyfirstpoliticalexperienceswasmyworkforSenatorDolesopponentinhis1974reelectioncampaign.Twice,BobDolewasonhispartyspresidentialticket,andtwiceIdideverythingIcouldtodefeathim.IevenconsideredrunningagainsthimfortheSenateacoupleoftimes.Butweneverletthosepoliticaldifferencesfracturethemutual,personalrespectweshared.AsfellowKansans,itwouldhavebeenirresponsibleofustobickerwitheachotherinsteadofcooperatingonthoseissuesthatmatteredtoourstate.AndyoubetterbelievethatwhenIwasnominatedtobeSecretaryofAgriculture,itcameinhandytohavetheSenateMajorityLeaderasalongtimefriendfrommyownstate.  Thatrelationshipcontinues.SenatorDolewilljoinmenextweekatUSDAfortheNationalNutritionSummit,wherewellrecognizetheroleheplayedinbuildingourfederalnutritionsafetynet.AndheandIareworkingwithformerSenatorGeorgeMcGovernonajointefforttotakewhatweknowaboutfightinghungerathomeandseeifwecanapplyitabroad.  AsaCongressman,IalsomadeitapointtobeonfriendlytermswithRepublicanpresidentialadministrations.IremembertakingmymothertotheWhiteHousetomeetPresidentBush.AndthePresidentshakesmymothershandandtellsherthathelikesmeandwishesthatIwouldconvert!meaningfromtheDemocratictotheRepublicanparty.Andmymother,  p withoutmissingabeat,says: Ohno,wereveryhappybeingJewish.  Thatstorybringsmetomyfinalpieceofadvice!youvegottohaveasenseofhumor @ inthisworld.Thatdoesntnecessarilymeanyouhavetobeajokesterorsomesortofweird 0 character.Butyouhavetobeabletoappreciatethehumorevenoccasionally,theabsurdityofthingsthathappen.Itmaymakeyoubetteratyourjob,butmoreimportantly,itwillhelpkeepyourbloodpressuredown.Iveseentoomanypeopleburnoutfromtheheatoftheirownselfimportance.Itispossibletotakeyourworkseriously,withouttakingyourselftooseriously.  HowelsebutwithasenseofhumororatleastasenseofironycanyoubeaJewishSecretaryofAgricultureadvocatingfortheporkindustry?  Afewyearsago,whenIwasinRomefortheUnitedNationsWorldFoodSummit,Iwasgreetedbyantibiotechnologyprotesters,allofthemcompletelynaked,whothrewgeneticallymodifiedsoybeansatme.Afewmonthslater,IwasinMontana,whereananimalrightsactivistpeltedmewithrottingbisonguts,alsoknown,ratherappropriately,as offal.  ӄmore -@), Ї6    Now,intheculturewelivein,manypeoplewouldconsidertheseincidentsgroundsforlegalaction.Butreally,theywerefunny.ToseeitanyotherwaywouldindicateakindofjoylessnessthatIbelievehandicapspeoplewhoareinimportantdecisionmakingpositions.  Illtellyouoneotherstory.EverytimethePresidentgivestheStateoftheUnionAddress,theresonememberoftheCabinetwhodoesntgototheCapitolwithhim,justincasesomethingshouldhappen.Sooneyear,Iwastheone,meaningIwassortofPresidentforaday.SoIwentuptoNewYorkthatnighttovisitmydaughter,andIgotthewholetreatment!the  p  codes,thedoctors,theSecretServiceandeverything.SoImwatchingthespeechinmydaughtersapartment,andwhenitsoverthephonerings,andaSecretServiceagentsays: Mr.Glickman,themissionisterminated.AndthenIspenttherestoftheeveninginarainstormtryingtogetacabbacktotheairport.  Earlierthisyear,IwasdaredbyCraigKilborn,theguywhohastheshowfollowingDavidLetterman,tobeoneofhisguests.ThiswasrightafterHillaryClintonhadappearedwithLetterman,andKilbornwentontheairandsaidbasically:forgetHillaryClinton...ImgoingtogetSecretaryofAgricultureDanGlickmanonmyshow...asifIwerethemostobscurepersonon  thefaceoftheearth.Andforafewnightsinarow,hereissuesthischallengeandputsapictureofmeuponthescreen.  Now,Iknowalotofpeopleinpubliclifewhowouldntdreamoftakinghimupontheofferforfearthattheydjustendupbeingfodderforthisguyssmartaleckroutine.ButIcalledhimup,toldhimIdbeinL.A.thefollowingweek,andletsdoit.AndheandIhadagoodbanter.Hiscuriosityaboutagriculturewaslimitedtoquestionsaboutthedifferencebetweenhempandmarijuana.Butessentiallyitwasharmlessfun.  Now,thisexperiencedidnthelpmakeanymeaningfulpolicyoranything.ButIthinkthatwhenyoureabletolaughatyourselfalittle,itsendsamessagethatyoureapproachableandaccessible...thatyourethekindofpersonpeoplecaneasilyworkwith.Anditmakesworkandlifealittleeasierandalittlemorefun.@BB*****************************  YouvegottenthebestpossibletraininghereatGeorgetownfortheworkyoureabouttodo.Butdontsubstituteyourexpertiseforwhatyouknowaboutpeople.Itspeoplethat p&!$ producewhitepapers,budgetanalysesandGAOreports.Theirquirksandtheirsubtlebiasesallseepintotheworktheydo.Youmustbejustasastuteanobserveroftheseaspectsasyouareofthesubstanceofyourwork.  LookatourPresident.IdontknowthatIveeverseenanyonewhobettercombinedamasteryofpolicydetailwithabsolutelyuncannypeopleskills,whetherhesdealingwitha  ӄmore -@), Ї7  foreignheadofstateorahomelessfamily.YoudonthavetobethePresident!orapoliticianat  all!forcongenialitytoworkforyou.    Itmaynotalwaysseemso,butthisworldofpublicpolicyistherealworld.Itisnt `  someparalleluniverse,somebizarreoworld,wheredifferentrulesabouthumanrelationsapply.Soultimately,thelessonsforpolicymakingarentverydifferentthanthelessonsforlife.Listen.Learn.Laugh.Befair,kindandconsiderateofothers.  ThesearesomeofthelessonsthatRobertFulghumpreachedinhisbestseller:AllI `  ReallyNeedtoKnowILearnedinKindergarten.Now,Idontthinkyoulearnitallin P  kindergarten.Itsnotthatsimple.Youconstantlyrelearnitthroughoutyourlife.Everyday,youpickupmoretipsabouthumannature.Everyday,youreremindedofthebenefitsofservingupmorehoneythanvinegar.Andeventuallyyoubecomebothabetterpersonandabetterprofessional.  Thankyouverymuch,andthebestoflucktoallofyou.@$$(###